KHARKHORIN: The people who study world history, know about Kharkhorin city. In 1206 Chinggis khaan established the Mongolian Great Empire and built the capital city of Kharkhorin. Researchers say Orkhon Valley  is Mongolian  geographic center and gene, and that Mongolian ancient tribes used to unite to focus to get the strength. 

"Kharkhorin" is the Uighur word meaning "dark brown dirt soil." Kharkhorin is surrounded by big walls, four palaces of Tumen amgalant had a green tile floor, a large tree sculpted of silver and other precious metals rose up from the middle of the courtyard and loomed over the palace, with the branches of the tree extended into the building. 

Silver fruit hung from the limbs and it had four golden serpents braided around the trunk, while within the top of the tree was placed a trumpet angel, all is performing for the emperor's pleasure. 

The four corners of the gate had a trading market, shining monuments on the four turtle are in four corners, Christianity, Islamic, Buddhist religion, 12 Buddhist temples were settled  and artisan districts and traders were to the streets of major cities. 

In 1380, 1466 the Ming state attacked the city, since then it failed to recover but so far the glory of the name is not forgotten. 

In 1996, Mongolian and Japanese scientists did a detailed topographic and concluded that there is 100 years of research left. Even though Kharkhorin was the capital city of Mongolia, it was not the center that the kings used to make political policy. The captured people are Roman Pontifical Plano Carpini in 1246,  Wilgelm De Rubruk in 1253, Marco Polo who came to Kharkhorin near the Kubilai khaan  in 1271, made the Kharkhorin city famous in the world. 

Every year 30,000 tourists vsit Kharkhorin city to imagine ancient capital city as exist now. Visiting Kharkhorin is an amazing experience to feel an old world capital. You will wonder what is left and what is still exist.